This case centres on decisions made by the Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, to loosen restrictions of mifepristone's use since 2016.
The Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine, an umbrella group of anti-abortion doctors and activists, filed a lawsuit in November 2022 alleging that the drug is unsafe and that the federal agency inappropriately expanded access to it.
Numerous studies have shown that mifepristone, which was first approved by the FDA in 2000, is safe.
But the group, which includes medical professionals, has also argued that its members might suffer harm by having to treat patients who used mifepristone to end a pregnancy. They said that would be in opposition to their own religious beliefs.
Elizabeth Prelogar, the US Solicitor General, told the court that the doctors could not show that the FDA's decisions had directly harmed them.